3) Mutant E484K + N501Y + D614G virus additionally contains the E484K substitution, which is also located in the viral RBD. The D614G mutation is dominant in circulating strains around the world 7, 8. Amino acids 69 and 70 are located in the N-terminal domain of the spike S1 fragment deletion of these residues might allosterically change S1 conformation 6. 2) Mutant Δ69/70 + N501Y + D614G virus contains two additional changes present in the UK variants: amino acid 69 and 70 deletion (Δ69/70) and D614G substitution. This mutation is located in the viral receptor-binding domain (RBD) for cell entry, increases binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor and enables the virus to expand its host range to infect mice 5, 6. 1) Mutant N501Y virus contains the N501Y mutation that is shared by both the UK and SA variants. 5), we engineered three spike mutant viruses on the genetic background of clinical strain USA-WA1/2020 (Supplementary Fig.
Using an infectious complementary DNA (cDNA) clone of SARS-CoV-2 (ref. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of several key spike mutations from the UK and SA strains on BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited neutralization. The emerged spike mutations have raised concerns of vaccine efficacy against these new strains. These variants have multiple mutations in their spike glycoproteins, which are key targets of virus-neutralizing antibodies. Since the previously reported studies were conducted, rapidly spreading variants of SARS-CoV-2 have arisen in the UK, SA and other regions 3, 4.
#TEXAS COVID SPIKE TRIAL#
We subsequently reported that, in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of approximately 44,000 participants 16 years of age or older, a two-dose regimen of BNT162b2 conferred 95% protection against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 2. We previously reported that BNT162b2, a nucleoside-modified RNA vaccine that encodes the SARS-CoV-2 full-length, prefusion-stabilized spike glycoprotein, elicited dose-dependent SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing GMTs that were similar to or higher than the GMT of a panel of SARS-CoV-2 convalescent human serum samples 1.
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